1865

THE FIRST REAL PULLMAN SLEEPING CAR: First modern sleeper, built, 1865, THE PIONEER; much longer, higher wider, than predecessors; railroad bridges and platforms were changed to permit its passage. Here first came the raised upper deck and folding upper berth. Heated from hot air furnace under floor; lighted with candles, ventilated through deck windows. Two compartments at each end; eight sections; roomy washroom; black walnut woodwork, much inlay and many mirrors. Fully carpeted; French plush uphostery; good beds, ample bedding. Note the 16 wheels: an experiment tried at this period but later abandoned in favor of 12.

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